Light Cone: The Singularity from Lower Dimensions to Higher Dimensions? Author: Zhang Suhang, Luoyang, Henan Abstract The light cone is one of the most fundamental and least questioned structures in contemporary physics. It is by default define...
The Shadow of Absolute Spacetime in Relativity Author: Zhang Suhang, Luoyang, Henan
Abstract
Newton constructed a system of separate absolute space and absolute time: space is a fixed, unchanging void container, while time flows independ...
On the Threefold Spacetime Forms Corresponding to Velocity Tiers: Flat, Mapping Distortion, and Spacetime Folding
Author: Zhang Suhang, Luoyang, Henan
I. Introduction
Humanity's cognition of spacetime geometry has always been constrained ...
On the Intrinsic Mathematical Mechanism of the Common Origin of Space and Time and the Co-Directionality of Length Contraction and Time Dilation
Classical relativity merely provides the calcul...
On Antimatter: Opposite Structure Also Constitutes a Potential Difference Luoyang School of Mathematics Author: Zhang Suhang Abstract Antimatter remains one of the most enigmatic concepts in physics. Within the Standard Model, antimatte...
Fields Potentially Influenced by Structural Conservation
This paper reviews the core propositions, theoretical positioning, and cross-disciplinary implications of the structural conservation f...
Structural Conservation and the Unified Reconstruction of the Four Fundamental Forces Author: Zhang Suhang Abstract The unification of the four fundamental interactions — gravitation, electromagnetism, the weak nuclear force and the st...
Structural Conservation: A Bridge Connecting Geometric Symmetry and Physical Conservation Author: Zhang Suhang Abstract Noether’s theorem stands as one of the greatest theorems in twentieth-century theoretical physics. It reveals the p...
Structural Conservation: A Topological Extension of Conservation Laws
Author: Zhang Suhang, Luoyang School of Mathematics
Conservation laws are cornerstones of physics and mathematics. From Newton's conservation of momentum to Jo...
From Euler’s Seven‑Bridge Problem to Fourier Spectra: Methodological Reconstruction of the Three‑Body Problem Author: Zhang Suhang Luoyang School of Mathematics Abstract When Euler addressed the Königsberg seven‑bridge problem, he dis...
Fourier Transformation of Three-body and Many-body Solutions: From Newtonian Closed-form Solutions to Einsteinian Geometric SpectraAuthor: Zhang SuhangAbstractClassical many-body dynamics has long been trapped by the obsession with "analytic close...
Diverse Fields in the Universe Author: Zhang Suhang (Luoyang, Henan) Throughout the development of modern‑era physics and mathematics, a deep‑rooted yet seldom‑acknowledged mental inertia persists: human beings intuitively tend to believe ...
On the Diversity of SolutionsAuthor: Zhang Suhang Luoyang School of MathematicsAbstractTraditional mathematics and theoretical physics have long harboured an implicit cognitive inertia that has never been explicitly stated: the primitive s...
Paradigm Reconstruction of Many-Body Dynamics Dilemma: From Analytical Obsession to a Hierarchical Solvability System Author: Zhang Suhang, Luoyang, Henan Abstract Since Newton established the two-body analytical paradigm, the many-bod...
A Study on the Unified Mechanism of Electron Energy Levels and Spins Based on the MOC Unified‑Curvature EquationAuthor: Zhang Suhang (Luoyang, Henan)Luoyang School of MathematicsAbstractBased on the MOC Multi‑Origin High‑Dimensional Unified‑Curvat...
Connections between UPGS (Uniform‑Plateau Probability Scheme) and ∞‑Toposes Author: Zhang Suhang Date: August 2026 Abstract Lurie’s ∞‑topos theory elevates Grothendieck toposes to the level of ∞‑categories, furnishing a unified framew...
The Final Destination of Energy: Origin of Dark Matter and Dark Energy via Energy‑Level Degradation
Author: Zhang Suhang Affiliation: Luoyang, Henan Date: August 2026
In the standard Λ‑CDM cosmological model, ordinary matter, d...
Bottom‑Level Mathematical‑Physical Reconstruction of Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation and Proof of Mass‑Force Homology
Abstract In traditional classical mechanics, Newton’s law of universal gravitation is treated as an empirically induced...
Numerical Cases and Analysis of Two Basic Navier-Stokes Formulas Author: Zhang Suhang Version 1: Basic Paradigm (ECS + DOG + MlE) boldsymbol{U}^{n+1} =mathop{argmin}{boldsymbol{U}inmathcal{H}} mathcal{E}big(boldsymbol{U},nablaboldsymbol{U}big) ...
Hierarchical Classification, Applicability Boundaries, and Value Analysis of Three Types of Flow Control Formulas under the Navier-Stokes System Author: Zhang Suhang AbstractRegarding the four core equations derived from the Multi-Origin Coordin...
A Topological Extremum‑Seeking Solver for the NS Equations Based on the MOC‑DOG‑ECS‑MlE Framework 1 Introduction The Navier‑Stokes (NS) equations constitute the core governing system of viscous fluid dynamics. Conventional CFD solvers are ...
ECS: Toward a Unified Framework for Energy, Classical Mechanics, and Symplectic Geometry
Author: Zhang Suhang ( Luoyang School of Mathematics）
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Through a complete set of derivations and newly established mechanical connecti...
Paper II: Rigorous Derivation of Symplectic Structure Breakdown (Proof of the Degeneration of the Symplectic Form boldsymbol{omega}) Author: Zhang Suhang (Luoyang School of Mathematics） Prerequisite KnowledgeFor a finite-dimensional Hamiltonian ...
Paper I：Rigorous Chain Mapping of Action–Potential Difference–Stability: The Local Reduction Essence of Symplectic Structure and Global Unification under ECS Author: Zhang Suhang (Heluo School of Mathematics) AbstractIn the classical mechanics s...
God makes all things with the greatest economy and efficiency. That is the essence of MlE. MlE provides mathematical support for Darwin's theory of evolution. Redundant structures that serve no purpose and consume resources t...
From Newton to Riemann, from fluxions to manifolds. Everything flows, nothing stands still. Is mathematics really so dull and boring? I don't think so!
Paper 2-1: Dual-Channel Transformation of the Π Operator for Cylindrical Bodies
Author: Zhang Suhang （Luoyang School of Mathematics） Abstract
A cylinder is the simplest non-spherical solid of revolution. Its formation intrinsically corre...
URFE Calculates the Hohmann Window
Author: Zhang Suhang
The following directly uses URFE → Newtonian gravity + Keplerian orbits to calculate, without extraneous detail, the launch time and orbital parameters for minimum fuel c...
URFE Calculates the Four Fundamental Forces
Based on the Unified Recursive Field Equation (URFE), this paper selects typical calculable scenarios, applies boundary conditions, performs quantitative simplif...
URFE Calculates Celestial Orbits
Combining the Unified Recursive Field Equation (URFE) with scenario-based calculations for different gravitational field strengths, and following the previously defined symb...