18 四个基本力分别对应的守恒
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四个基本力对应的守恒律
1. 强相互作用(Strong Interaction)
- 对应守恒律:- 色荷守恒(Color charge conservation)
- 重子数守恒(Baryon number conservation)
- 同位旋守恒(Isospin conservation,高能近似下)
- 奇异数、粲数、底数、顶数守恒(Flavor quantum numbers conserved in strong processes)
2. 电磁相互作用(Electromagnetic Interaction)
- 对应守恒律:- 电荷守恒(Electric charge conservation)
- 能量、动量、角动量守恒
- 所有味量子数(轻子数、重子数、夸克味)均守恒
3. 弱相互作用(Weak Interaction)
- 对应守恒律:- 总轻子数守恒、总重子数守恒
- 不守恒:宇称 P、电荷共轭 C、同位旋、奇异数、粲数等味量子数
- 弱作用中仅弱超荷相关整体对称性保持,规范对称自发破缺
4. 引力相互作用(Gravitation)
- 对应守恒律:- 能量–动量守恒(Energy–momentum conservation)
- 角动量守恒(Angular momentum conservation)
- 广义相对论中对应时空平移、旋转对称性
简明对应总结
- 强相互作用 → 色荷守恒、味量子数守恒
- 电磁相互作用 → 电荷守恒
- 弱相互作用 → 轻子数/重子数守恒(宇称、味不守恒)
- 引力 → 能量动量、角动量守恒