Mass, electric charge, and color charge are the upgraded and manifest forms of energy.

Mass, electric charge, and color charge are not independent intrinsic properties of matter. Rather, they are the external expressions and upgraded forms of energy at different levels and through different fundamental interactions in the universe. Mass is the most macroscopic and intuitive manifestation of energy, corresponding to gravitation and inertia, following the mass-energy equation E=mc^2; it is the condensed state of energy in the low-speed macroscopic world. Electric charge is the refined expression of energy through electromagnetic interaction, mediated by electric fields and photons, following the charge energy equation E=Kq; it is a more fundamental and pure electromagnetic form of energy than mass. Color charge represents a deeper structure of energy in the strong interaction, carried by quarks and gluons, manifested in three color quantum states, and constitutes the internal binding energy of atomic nuclei; it is a more microscopic and fundamental quantum form of energy.

The three are essentially homologous and progressively deepened, unified in the ontology of energy. From mass to electric charge and then to color charge, energy undergoes continuous upgrading and differentiation from the macroscopic to the microscopic, and from weak interactions to strong interactions, collectively forming the entire foundation of the physical world.

Due to the lack of available data, the color charge energy equation cannot be derived at present. Its general form is:
E=G g_s