From Euler’s Seven‑Bridge Problem to Fourier Spectra: Methodological Reconstruction of the Three‑Body Problem Author: Zhang Suhang Luoyang School of Mathematics Abstract When Euler addressed the Königsberg seven‑bridge problem, he dis...
Fourier Transformation of Solutions to Three‑Body and N‑Body Problems: From Newtonian Closed‑Form Solutions to Einsteinian Geometric Spectra
Author: Zhang Suhang Luoyang School of Mathematics Abstract
Classical many‑body dynamics has l...
Diverse Fields in the Universe Author: Zhang Suhang (Luoyang, Henan) Throughout the development of modern‑era physics and mathematics, a deep‑rooted yet seldom‑acknowledged mental inertia persists: human beings intuitively tend to believe ...
On the Diversity of SolutionsAuthor: Zhang Suhang Luoyang School of MathematicsAbstractTraditional mathematics and theoretical physics have long harboured an implicit cognitive inertia that has never been explicitly stated: the primitive s...
Paradigm Reconstruction of Many-Body Dynamics Dilemma: From Analytical Obsession to a Hierarchical Solvability System Author: Zhang Suhang, Luoyang, Henan Abstract Since Newton established the two-body analytical paradigm, the many-bod...
A Study on the Unified Mechanism of Electron Energy Levels and Spins Based on the MOC Unified‑Curvature EquationAuthor: Zhang Suhang (Luoyang, Henan)Luoyang School of MathematicsAbstractBased on the MOC Multi‑Origin High‑Dimensional Unified‑Curvat...
Connections between UPGS (Uniform‑Plateau Probability Scheme) and ∞‑Toposes Author: Zhang Suhang Date: August 2026 Abstract Lurie’s ∞‑topos theory elevates Grothendieck toposes to the level of ∞‑categories, furnishing a unified framew...
The Final Destination of Energy: Origin of Dark Matter and Dark Energy via Energy‑Level Degradation
Author: Zhang Suhang Affiliation: Luoyang, Henan Date: August 2026
Abstract
In the standard Λ‑CDM cosmological model, ordinary matter, d...
Bottom‑Level Mathematical‑Physical Reconstruction of Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation and Proof of Mass‑Force Homology
Abstract In traditional classical mechanics, Newton’s law of universal gravitation is treated as an empirically induced...
Numerical Cases and Analysis of Two Basic Navier-Stokes Formulas Author: Zhang Suhang Version 1: Basic Paradigm (ECS + DOG + MlE) boldsymbol{U}^{n+1} =mathop{argmin}{boldsymbol{U}inmathcal{H}} mathcal{E}big(boldsymbol{U},nablaboldsymbol{U}big) ...
Hierarchical Classification, Applicability Boundaries, and Value Analysis of Three Types of Flow Control Formulas under the Navier-Stokes System Author: Zhang Suhang AbstractRegarding the four core equations derived from the Multi-Origin Coordin...
A Topological Extremum‑Seeking Solver for the NS Equations Based on the MOC‑DOG‑ECS‑MlE Framework 1 Introduction The Navier‑Stokes (NS) equations constitute the core governing system of viscous fluid dynamics. Conventional CFD solvers are ...
ECS: Toward a Unified Framework for Energy, Classical Mechanics, and Symplectic Geometry
Author: Zhang Suhang ( Luoyang School of Mathematics）
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Through a complete set of derivations and newly established mechanical connecti...
Paper II: Rigorous Derivation of Symplectic Structure Breakdown (Proof of the Degeneration of the Symplectic Form boldsymbol{omega}) Author: Zhang Suhang (Luoyang School of Mathematics） Prerequisite KnowledgeFor a finite-dimensional Hamiltonian ...
Paper I：Rigorous Chain Mapping of Action–Potential Difference–Stability: The Local Reduction Essence of Symplectic Structure and Global Unification under ECS Author: Zhang Suhang (Heluo School of Mathematics) AbstractIn the classical mechanics s...
God makes all things with the greatest economy and efficiency. That is the essence of MlE. MlE provides mathematical support for Darwin's theory of evolution. Redundant structures that serve no purpose and consume resources t...
From Newton to Riemann, from fluxions to manifolds. Everything flows, nothing stands still. Is mathematics really so dull and boring? I don't think so!
Paper 2-1: Dual-Channel Transformation of the Π Operator for Cylindrical Bodies
Author: Zhang Suhang （Luoyang School of Mathematics） Abstract
A cylinder is the simplest non-spherical solid of revolution. Its formation intrinsically corre...
URFE Calculates the Hohmann Window
Author: Zhang Suhang
The following directly uses URFE → Newtonian gravity + Keplerian orbits to calculate, without extraneous detail, the launch time and orbital parameters for minimum fuel c...
URFE Calculates the Four Fundamental Forces
Based on the Unified Recursive Field Equation (URFE), this paper selects typical calculable scenarios, applies boundary conditions, performs quantitative simplif...
URFE Calculates Celestial Orbits
Combining the Unified Recursive Field Equation (URFE) with scenario-based calculations for different gravitational field strengths, and following the previously defined symb...
URFE Solves the Three-Body Problem Author: Zhang Suhang 1. First: What Makes the Classical "Three-Body Problem" Difficult Standard Conclusion (holds from 1880 to 2026): · No general elementary analytic solution: The positions cannot be express...
Derivation of the Four Fundamental Interactions from the Unified Recursive Field Equation (URFE)
Abstract: Based on the Unified Recursive Field Equation (URFE), parameter partitioning, group subspace projection, and b...
Complete Derivation of the Unified Recursive Field Equation (URFE) Author: Zhang Suhang
1. Core Prerequisite Theories
Foundation: MOC Multi-Origin Geometry, DOG Discrete Order Geometry, GPCL Geometric Recursive Conservation Chain, Unifie...
--- Integrating All Physical Elements and Factors into the Geometric Recursive Conservation Chain（UGSL）: A Unified Logical Framework
I. General Outline: The Universal Conservation Rule for All Physical Elements
Core ...
Markov Theory as a Strict Special Case of the UPGS Universal Axiom System
This paper independently, purely, and rigorously demonstrates the axiomatic hierarchy and subordination relationship between the UP...
Foundations of Arithmetic Manifold Geometry — A Programmatic OutlineAuthor: Zhang SuhangDate: May 2026AbstractIn traditional mathematics, geometry, mapping theory and number theory have long developed separately: differential geometry investigates...
--- MOC Coordinate System: Geometric Definition of Multi-Origin Hierarchical Nesting and Degeneration to Classical Coordinates Author: Suhang Zhang --- Abstract Based on the Multi-Origin Curvature (MOC) geometric framework, this paper prese...
--- The Dimensional Mapping Generative Principle of Number Bases: A Unified Geometric Origin of Discrete, Linear, and Periodic Numeral Systems
This paper addresses the fundamental problem of the origi...
A Universal Resolution Theory for Self-Reference Paradoxes Based on MOC Multi-Origin Curvature Geometry
Author: Zhang Suhang (Founder of the Heluo Mathematical School)
Self-reference paradoxes have stood as a core conundrum pla...